Supermassive Black Holes and revelations | How the Universe Works
Black Holes and revelations
We're riveted by their destructive power of black holes. These are dangerous black holes are hazards black holes are not friendly to their environments. There are just no good ends to anything that falls into a black hole perhaps one of the most frightening objects in the universe.
But what exactly are these scary objects black holes are created when you get enough to matter in a small region of space. This happens when a massive star dies and collapses in on itself. A supernova a black hole is the ultimate consequence of gravity. It is an object that
has so much mass crushed into such a small space. Its escape velocity becomes greater than the speed of light.
They are a one-way street. You go in nothing escapes not even light but two black holes are deserved their bad rap in some ways. They are black holes that suffer a bit of a PR problem I think they're a lot more menacing in science fiction and popular media than they are really. There are trillions of galaxies in the known universe and most of them have a supermassive black hole at their center. These monsters are millions of times the mass of our Sun. Their immense gravity
can send stars flying their instrumental in choreographing. The dance of stars in their vicinity supermassive black holes
shoot out torrents of lethal radiation and violent cosmic winds and gobble up.
cosmic change although black holes are the end states of stars. They can actually, influence the formation of stars as well in a bunch of different ways a galaxy's job is to make stars but uncontrolled star growth isn't healthy.
shoot out torrents of lethal radiation and violent cosmic winds and gobble up.
How the Universe Works
Anything that comes close now. Scientists are beginning to realize these cosmic giants may also have a creative side. Most people think of black holes as being like a giant vacuum cleaner in space. Basically, everything falls into them but that's not the case. They're better thought of as the engines ofcosmic change although black holes are the end states of stars. They can actually, influence the formation of stars as well in a bunch of different ways a galaxy's job is to make stars but uncontrolled star growth isn't healthy.
Too many stars can drain a galaxy's gas supply black holes are very important it appears that galaxy evolution is tied to
black hole evolution. We don't know exactly how yet but the marriage appears certain one idea is that supermassive
black holes act as cosmic control mechanisms black holes. It can act as a thermostat in your house. If your house gets too hot the thermostat will kick on the air-conditioner and if it gets too cold.
It'll kick on the heater black holes do the same things for galaxy's supermassive black holes regulate star formation by pulling gas in and shooting. It back out into the galaxy when these black holes are consuming matter they're drawing matter into themselves. But they're also spewing stuff out basically
black holes eat like little babies very sloppily.
Black Holes and revelations
So a lot of it but the earth comes flying back out again the stars the planets but most often may join clouds of gas the black hole drags a gas and dust into an accretion disk around.This disk spins faster and faster magnetic energy builds up
with the accretion disk swirling around the black hole there are also magnetic fields that are going on the material is
moving so rapidly that the magnetic field sort of winds up coils up. And forms the vortex like a tornado astronomers call them Jets.
These Jets propagate outward like freight trains plowing through the galaxy over hundreds and thousands of
light-years these are like death rays the Jets disrupt the star-forming gas. Clouds limiting excess star formation in
the main body of the galaxy but in the very outer reaches of the galaxy they can spark star birth things are more gentle out. There you're not as close to the energetic heart so stars planets and life can form out there partially because of the material that the black hole. The black hole has moved out there so black holes can have an outsized influence on the regions that they inhabit right around them. They can prevent the formation of stars whereas on very very large scales they can actually instigate the formation of stars 2018 black holes hit the front page. Scientists discovered a black hole gobbling up gas so fast that. They seemed to be outgrowing their host galaxies. It naturally makes the question come up how big. It can a black hole get now we have the
answer. They can reach size triple-xl becoming ultra massive black holes.
Ultra massive black holes are so cool because it's just mind-boggling. That black hole So large. It can exist ultra massive black holes are very rare and typically have masses of more than 10 billion times the mass of the Sun 10 billion solar masses that's a 10 followed by nine zeros Ultra massive.
Black holes are real beasts the black hole at the center of our galaxy is 4 million solar masses imagine black holes.
These are 2,500 times bigger that's what we're talking about here.
An ultra massive black hole this big would be as wide as the solar system and weigh as much as all the stars in the Milky Way. They're inside galaxies that aren't a whole lot bigger that really surprised the hell out of everybody and in 2018. Scientists discover a twenty billion solar mass ultra massive black hole growing faster than any other black hole.
This ravenous behemoth devours the mass of our Sun every two days. These big black holes are really good at gobbling up other things to literally eat anything. They're monsters of the universe. This kind of shish eating can have devastating consequences. It blasts so much energy and turbulence into the galaxy. Those stars no longer form and the bigger black hole. The faster galaxy dies the primary thing. These ultra massive black holes do to galaxies is they shut down all-star formation. So in that sense, they kind of killing galaxies and sold these things. Could even wipe out their host galaxies
ultra massive black holes are a problem
for scientists. They might be the
fastest eaters but that doesn't explain how they got some large
with these ultra massive black holes. These black holes. That is tens of billions of times more massive than our Sun. You can't just grow them from the slow accretion of gas over time. There's just not enough gas and there's just not enough time.
It gives us a new mystery to solve how do you make black holes? That is just that big there's not a clear answer so far as to how these ultra massive black holes. That's were formed people wonder if there's some other mechanism by which you could make a black holes mechanism. So violent it also throws supermassive black holes clean out of galaxies.